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Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer among light skinned individuals. It is the commonest cancer in the United States and in other counytries. Each year, about one million people are diagnosed with this cancer. In 85 percent of these cases, the skin damage leading to the cancer occurs before an individual is 18.
Every cell in the body has a tightly regulated system that controls its growth, maturity, division and ultimately death. The blueprint of a cell’s function lies within the DNA of the cell. When there is damage to the DNA the cells begin to divide and grow without control. The mass of extra cells may produce a tumor that can be non-malignant or benign or non-cancerous. The tumor may also be cancer.
Skin is the largest organ in the body with numerous functions. It covers the internal organs and protects them from heat and light, injury and infection. The skin also controls body temperature by sweating and perspiration and stores water, fat and vitamin D. The skin is made up of two layers:-
In skin cancer the cancer begins in cells that make up the skin. Skin cancers are named for the type of cells where the cancer starts. There are three types of skin cancers:
Some of the risk factors for skin cancers include:-